Search results for "Dose profile"

showing 8 items of 8 documents

9 Development of an experimental tool to evaluate normal tissue 3D doses in external-beam radiotherapy

2018

Introduction Recently, cancer treatment improvement enabled an increase in patients’ survival rate. In more than half of the cases, radiotherapy participates in the cure for cancer. The efficacy of this technique is well known but it inevitably delivers doses to normal tissues exposing them to radio-induced complications risks [1] . Moreover, the longer patients’ life expectancy increases the risk of developing long-term complications such as second cancers. Thus, evaluating the risks following cancer treatment involving radiotherapy constitutes a major challenge. In this context, an experimental tool has been developed to evaluate normal tissue doses delivered by the different radiotherapy…

Contouringbusiness.industrymedicine.medical_treatmentBiophysicsGeneral Physics and AstronomyDose profileContext (language use)General MedicineGel dosimetryImaging phantom030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicinePlanned Dose030220 oncology & carcinogenesismedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingExternal beam radiotherapyNuclear medicinebusinessRadiation treatment planningPhysica Medica
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Dosimetry for electron Intra-Operative RadioTherapy: Comparison of output factors obtained through alanine/EPR pellets, ionization chamber and Monte …

2015

Abstract In this work a comparison between the response of alanine and Markus ionization chamber was carried out for measurements of the output factors (OF) of electron beams produced by a linear accelerator used for Intra-Operative Radiation Therapy (IORT). Output factors (OF) for conventional high-energy electron beams are normally measured using ionization chamber according to international dosimetry protocols. However, the electron beams used in IORT have characteristics of dose per pulse, energy spectrum and angular distribution quite different from beams usually used in external radiotherapy, so the direct application of international dosimetry protocols may introduce additional uncer…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsDosimeterPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsChemistryIORTSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentalePhysics::Medical PhysicsMonte Carlo methodDetectorGeant4Dose profileElectronalanine dosimetry Monte Carlo Simulation Geant4Alanine dosimetrySettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)Linear particle acceleratorMonte Carlo simulationsComputational physicsNuclear magnetic resonanceIonization chamberDosimetrySettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaInstrumentationNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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Analysis of the response of PVA-GTA Fricke-gel dosimeters with clinical magnetic resonance imaging

2018

Abstract Fricke gel dosimeters produced with a matrix of Poly-vinyl alcohol (PVA) cross-linked with glutaraldehyde (GTA) were analyzed with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Previous studies based on spectrophotometry showed valuable dosimetric features of these gels in terms of X-ray sensitivity and diffusion of the ferric ions produced after irradiation. In this study, MRI was performed on the gels at 1.5 T with a clinical scanner in order to optimize the acquisition parameters and obtain high contrast between irradiated and non-irradiated samples. The PVA gels were found to offer good linearity in the range of 0–10 Gy and a stable signal for several hours after irradiation. The sensitivi…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsXylenol orangeMaterials scienceSettore ING-IND/20 - Misure E Strumentazione NucleariDose profileGlutaraldehydeImaging phantom030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingMatrix (chemical analysis)Gel dosimeter03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundMagnetic resonance imaging0302 clinical medicineNuclear magnetic resonanceIrradiationGlutaraldehydeùInstrumentationPoly-vinyl alcoholX-ray radiotherapyDosimeterSettore FIS/01 - Fisica SperimentaleSettore FIS/07 - Fisica Applicata(Beni Culturali Ambientali Biol.e Medicin)chemistry030220 oncology & carcinogenesisIonization chamberAgaroseGel dosimeter; Glutaraldehyde; Magnetic resonance imaging; Poly-vinyl alcohol; X-ray radiotherapy; Nuclear and High Energy Physics; InstrumentationSettore MED/36 - Diagnostica Per Immagini E RadioterapiaNuclear Instruments and Methods in Physics Research Section B: Beam Interactions with Materials and Atoms
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A Monte Carlo-based dosimetric characterization of Esteya® , an electronic surface brachytherapy unit

2018

PURPOSE The purpose of this work is threefold: First, to obtain the phase space of an electronic brachytherapy (eBT) system designed for surface skin treatments. Second, to explore the use of some efficiency enhancing (EFEN) strategies in the determination of the phase space. Third, to use the phase space previously obtained to perform a dosimetric characterization of the Esteya eBT system. METHODS The Monte Carlo study of the 69.5 kVp x-ray beam of the Esteya® unit (Elekta Brachytherapy, Veenendaal, The Netherlands) was performed with PENELOPE2014. The EFEN strategies included the use of variance reduction techniques and mixed Class II simulations, where transport parameters were fine-tune…

PhysicsMonte Carlo methodDose profileGeneral MedicinePhoton energy030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingPercentage depth dose curveComputational physics03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicine030220 oncology & carcinogenesisAbsorbed doseDosimetryVariance reductionEnergy sourceMedical Physics
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Study of reliability of TLDs for the photon dose mapping in reactor neutron fields for BNCT

2008

Abstract Photon dose measurements in radiation fields having the proper characteristics for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) present several troubles. The thermal neutron flux is very high and produces a significant contribution to the response of most dosimeters. The consistency of photon dose measurements with CaF 2 :Tm and LiF:Mg, Ti thermoluminescent dosimeters has been studied. A method is described for obtaining the gamma dose with TLD-700 and some results are presented to test its reliability.

PhysicsNeutron captureRadiationDosimeterRadiochemistryGamma rayDose profileNeutronThermoluminescent dosimeterRadiationInstrumentationNeutron temperatureRadiation Measurements
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Correction factors for ionization chamber measurements with the ‘Valencia’ and ‘large field Valencia’ brachytherapy applicators

2018

Treatment of small skin lesions using HDR brachytherapy applicators is a widely used technique. The shielded applicators currently available in clinical practice are based on a tungsten-alloy cup that collimates the source-emitted radiation into a small region, hence protecting nearby tissues. The goal of this manuscript is to evaluate the correction factors required for dose measurements with a plane-parallel ionization chamber typically used in clinical brachytherapy for the 'Valencia' and 'large field Valencia' shielded applicators. Monte Carlo simulations have been performed using the PENELOPE-2014 system to determine the absorbed dose deposited in a water phantom and in the chamber act…

Skin Neoplasmsmedicine.medical_treatmentBrachytherapyPhysics::Medical PhysicsMonte Carlo methodBrachytherapyDose profileRadiationImaging phantom030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsmedicineRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingRadiometryValenciaPhysicsRadiological and Ultrasound TechnologybiologyPhantoms ImagingRadiation Dosimetersbusiness.industryRadiotherapy Dosagebiology.organism_classification030220 oncology & carcinogenesisAbsorbed doseIonization chamberbusinessMonte Carlo MethodPhysics in Medicine & Biology
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The response behaviour of LiF:Mg,Cu,P thermoluminescence dosimeters to high-energy electron beams used in radiotherapy

1995

To ensure the effectiveness of radiation-therapy treatments, both in-phantom and in-patient reliable dose measurements are required. Thermoluminescence dosimeters are used commonly for both applications. Among the various available materials, the relatively new LiF:Mg,Cu,P phosphor is a suitable candidate for quality control of in vivo dosimetry in electron-beam therapy. The response behaviour of LiF:Mg,Cu,P chips to 6-21 MeV electron beams used in radiotherapy was studied. Batch homogeneity, dose linearity, sensitivity change after use, dose and dose-rate response, energy dependence and fading characteristics were investigated. The contribution from each factor to the overall uncertainty i…

Time FactorsDosimeterMaterials scienceRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryRadiochemistryDose profilePhosphorElectronModels TheoreticalThermoluminescenceRadiotherapy High-EnergyThermoluminescent DosimetryCathode rayHumansDosimetryThermoluminescent DosimetryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingNuclear medicinebusinessPhysics in Medicine and Biology
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Hydrogels for Three-Dimensional Ionizing-Radiation Dosimetry

2021

Radiation-sensitive gels are among the most recent and promising developments for radiation therapy (RT) dosimetry. RT dosimetry has the twofold goal of ensuring the quality of the treatment and the radiation protection of the patient. Benchmark dosimetry for acceptance testing and commissioning of RT systems is still based on ionization chambers. However, even the smallest chambers cannot resolve the steep dose gradients of up to 30–50% per mm generated with the most advanced techniques. While a multitude of systems based, e.g., on luminescence, silicon diodes and radiochromic materials have been developed, they do not allow the truly continuous 3D dose measurements offered by radiation-se…

xylenol-orangeMaterials sciencePolymers and Plasticspoly-vinyl alcoholScienceDose profileBioengineeringGeneral. Including alchemyReviewRadiation01 natural sciences030218 nuclear medicine & medical imagingIonizing radiationBiomaterials03 medical and health sciencesMagnetic resonance imaging0302 clinical medicineQD1-650103 physical sciencesthree-dimensional dosimetryDosimetryIrradiationQD1-999QD146-197Optical tomography010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryOrganic ChemistryQpolyacrylamide gelChemistrySpectrophotometryAbsorbed doseglutaraldehydeRadiation protectionLuminescencebusinessInorganic chemistryBiomedical engineeringferrous sulfateGels
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